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The advanced molybdenum-based rare process experiment (AMoRE) aims to search for neutrinoless double beta decay (0𝜈𝛽𝛽) of ¹⁰⁰Mo with ∼100kg of ¹⁰⁰Mo-enriched molybdenum embedded in cryogenic detectors with a dual heat and light readout. At the current, pilot stage of the AMoRE project we employ six calcium molybdate crystals with a total mass of 1.9 kg, produced from ⁴⁸Ca-depleted calcium and ¹⁰⁰Mo-enriched molybdenum (^48deplCa¹⁰⁰MoO₄). The simultaneous detection of heat (phonon) and scintillation (photon) signals is realized with high resolution metallic magnetic calorimeter sensors that operate at milli-Kelvin temperatures. This stage of the project is carried out in the Yangyang underground laboratory at a depth of 700 m. We report first results from the AMoRE-Pilot 0𝜈𝛽𝛽 search with a 111 kg day live exposure of ^48deplCa¹⁰⁰MoO₄ crystals. No evidence for 0𝜈𝛽𝛽 decay of ¹⁰⁰Mo is found, and a upper limit is set for the half-life of 0𝜈𝛽𝛽 of ¹⁰⁰Mo of 𝑇^0𝜈_1/2>9.5×1022 years at 90% C.L. This limit corresponds to an effective Majorana neutrino mass limit in the range ⟨𝑚_𝛽𝛽⟩≤(1.2−2.1)eV.