Kolloquien

Physikalisches Kolloquium

Sommersemester 2017

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Kirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Friday 17:15

12.4.2017 17:30
Prof. Peter Zoller, University of Innsbruck
KIP, INF 227, HS 1
Kolloquium der XXXVIII. Heidelberger Graduiertentage - Hans Jensen Invited Lecture
21.4.2017 17:00
Prof. David DiVincenzo, Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik, RWTH Aachen und Forschungszentrum Jülich
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
We have known for twenty years that quantum computers would have unique powers for solving certain classes of computational problems. Throughout these twenty years, workers have striven to identify a physical setting in which high-quality qubits can be created and employed in a quantum computing system. Very promising devices have been identified in several different areas of low-temperature electronics, namely in superconductor and in single-electron semiconductor structures (e.g., quantum dots). Rudimentary efforts at scale-up are presently reported; even for modules of 10 qubits, the complexity of the classical electronic control system becomes one of the main barriers to further progress.   more...
28.4.2017 17:00
Prof. Subir Sachdev, Department of Physics, Harvard University
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Entanglement is a counterintuitive feature of quantum mechanics, which implies that a measurement of one particle can instantaneously determine the state of another well-separated particle. Remarkably, quantum entanglement can also happen en masse, and determines observable properties of macroscopic objects.   more...
5.5.2017 17:00
Prof. Konstantin Batygin, Division of Geological & Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
At the outskirts of the solar system, beyond the orbit of Neptune, lies an expansive field of icy debris known as the Kuiper belt. The orbits of the individual asteroid- like bodies within the Kuiper belt trace out highly elongated elliptical paths, and require hundreds to thousands of years to complete a single revolution around the Sun. Although the majority of the Kuip er belt’s dynamical structure can be understood within the framework of the known eight-planet solar system, bodies with orbital periods longer than about 4,000 years exhibit a peculiar orbital alignment that eludes explanation.   more...
12.5.2017 17:00
Prof. Carl Bender, Department of Physics, Washington University
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
The theory of complex variables is extremely useful because it helps to explain the mathematical behavior of functions of a real variable. Complex variable theory also provides insight into the nature of physical theories.   more...
19.5.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. Ingeborg Levin, Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Heidelberg
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Atmospheric nuclear weapon testing during the cold war in the 1950s and 1960s has been worrying, though including a unique beneficial aspect in the area of environmental sciences. The artificial nuclear production of more than 6 x 1028 atoms or about 1.4 tons of 14C led to a doubling of the 14C/C ratio in tropospheric CO2 of the Northern Hemisphere. The prominent so-called bomb spike peaking in 1963 can be used as transient tracer to understand carbon dynamics in the Earth System.   more...
26.5.2017 17:00
Prof. Thomas Ebbesen, Nanostructures Laboratory, Université de Strasbourg
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Strong coupling of light and matter can give rise to a multitude of exciting physical effects through the formation of hybrid light-matter states. When molecular materials with high transition dipole mo ments are placed in the confined fields of metallic microcavities or surface plasmons, Rabi splittings approaching 1 eV are observed due to the interaction with the vacuum electromagnetic field. This leads to fundamental changes in the properties of the coupled system, especially in the ultra-strong coupling regime.   more...
2.6.2017 17:00
Prof. Sebastian Diehl, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Recent developments in diverse areas - ranging from cold atomic gases over light-driven semiconductors to microcavity arrays - move systems into the focus, which are located on the interface of quantum optics, many -body physics and statistical mechanics. These driven open quantum systems share in common that coherent and driven-dissipative quantum dynamics occur on an equal footing, placing them far away from thermodynamic equilibrium.   more...
9.6.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. Joao Seco, DKFZ und Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Heidelberg
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Medical physics (also called biomedical physics, medical biophysics or applied physics in medicine) is, generally speaking, the application of physics concepts, theories and methods to medicine or healthcare. Medical physics departments may be found in hospitals or universities. There are 4 main areas of medical physics specialty 1) medical imaging physics, 2) radiation therapeutic physics, 3) nuclear medicine physics and 4) health physics, which cover more that 90% of all medical physics activities.   more...
16.6.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. Michael Block, Helmholtz-Institut Mainz
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Die schwersten Elemente verdanken ihre Existenz nuklearer Schaleneffekte, die ihnen erhöhte Stabilität gegen spontane Kernspaltung verleihen. Theoretische Modelle sagen eine Insel der Stabilität superschwerer Eleme nte mit Z≈114 und N≈ 184 vorher. Dieser Bereich ist experimentell aktuell allerdings nicht zugänglich.   more...
23.6.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. Karl Leo, Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) and Institute for Applied Physics, Technische Universität Dresden
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Organische Halbleiter eröffnen neuartige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten für flexible, leichte, und umweltreundliche elektronische Bauelemente. Trotz erster Anwendungserfolge, z.B. in OLED-Displays, sind fundamentale Materialeigenschaften nur wenig verstanden. In diesem Vortrag stelle ich die Materialklasse der organischen Halbleiter vor und zeige am Beispiel von organischen Solarzellen, welche Herausforderungen die Materialforschung beinhaltet.   more...
30.6.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. Karl-Heinz Kampert, Astroteilchenphysik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR) are charged particles with energies reaching to beyond 1020 eV. Still, 50 years after first successful observations, only very little is known about their nature, their sources and their location in the Universe, and about the mechanism by which they receive such enormous energies. The Pierre Auger Observatory located near the Andes mountains in Argentina has been conceived to address these questions. It covers an area of 3000 km2, which makes it the world’s largest cosmic ray observatory, and comprises an array of 1660 particle detectors and a set of 27 large area fluorescence telescopes.   more...
7.7.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. Katia Parodi, Lehrstuhl für Experimentalphysik, Medizinische Physik, LMU München
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Owing to the favorable physical and biological properties of swift ions in matter, their application to radiation therapy for highly selective tumour treatment is rapidly spreading worldwide. To date about 70 ion therapy facilities are treating patients, predominantly with proton beams, and about the same amount is under construction or planning. In Germany, already 3 proton therapy facilities and 2 combined proton and carbon ion beam therapy centers are operational.   more...
14.7.2017 17:00
Prof. Randall Kamien, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Usually, crystals have three-dimensional periodicity. Smectic liquid crystals, however, have one-dimensional order, even in three-dimensional samples. These systems, as simple as they might seem, connect the physics of biomembranes, superconductivity, and even special relativity. I will provide an introduction for non-specialists and show how this diverse set of ideas comes together in these very, very soft systems.   more...
21.7.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. David Hunger, KIT, Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe
KIT, Campus Süd, Gaede-Hörsaal, Physik-Flachbau (Geb. 30.22)
Gemeinsames Kolloquium mit Karlsruhe, anschließend Empfang im Gastdozentenhaus „Heinrich Hertz“
Optical microcavities are a powerful tool to enhance light-matter interactions. Consisting of microscopic reflective boundaries, they can concentrate, filter, and store light in wavelength-scale volumes. This enables applications ranging from spectroscopy and sensing to quantum information. To achieve large cavity enhancement on an accessible platform, we have developed microscopic Fabry-Perot cavities based on laser- machined optical fibers.   more...
28.7.2017 17:00
Prof. Dr. Martin B. Plenio, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm
KIP, INF 227, Otto-Haxel-Hörsaal
Perfect diamond is transparent for visible light but there are famous diamonds, such as the famous Oppenheim Blue or the Pink Panther worth tens of millions of dollar, which have intense colour. An important source of colour in diamond are lattice defects which emit and absorb light at optical frequencies and may indeed possess a non-vanishing ground state electronic spin.   more...